Cell Phones Impede Judgement of Drivers and Pedestrians

Those of us who have ever been cut-off by a happilylooking and miss other vital safety cues than those
chatting driver are well aware of the dangers of cellwho are cell-phoneless.
phone use on our roads. We've all seen them, theIn an effort to combat the rising number of mobile
drivers who weave all over the lanes with their mouthsphone related accidents, many countries have started
engaged and their minds on their conversations andbanning the use of handheld cell phones by drivers.
not on the road; the drivers who slow down but don'tFour states in the US (Alaska, Minnesota, New Jersey
stop at stop streets because changing gears is tooand Washington) have even taken the precaution of
tricky with a phone wedged between shoulder andbanning texting while driving, with many other states
ear. We know that they are an absolute menace, butexpected to follow suit. Studies have in fact shown
when our phones ring during the morning commute orthat texting is more distracting, and more dangerous,
on long distance treks, we invariably reach for itthan simply talking on a cell phone. The chances of a
because, well, we're in control, and while other driverstexter having an accident are between 2.3% and 8.3%
are bad, we are not. It's the fallacy of invincibility thathigher than drivers not using their phones in any way.
ails all teenagers, drunk drivers, and now, mobile phonePresumably this means that all devices that require the
users.depression of buttons while driving are distracting, even
A 2006 study by the University of Utah, USA, foundGPS, iPods and Mp3s, and doesn't bode well for new
that people who used their mobile phones while drivingdevelopments such as in-car computing and TVs.
(handheld or hands-free) were more likely to have anThe ban on handheld telephonic devices while driving
accident and drive recklessly than drunk drivers. Theyhas several groups of people up in arms. Aside from
found that it's not so much the act of holding a phonethe cell phone users who think that they are perfectly
that causes accidents, but the concentration involved incapable of doing two things at once, many experts
a conversation where half the party is not in the carbelieve that the ban should be extended to cover
that is the real danger. When conversing with ahands-free devices. Jonathan Adkins of the Governors
passenger, drivers are more likely to pay attention toHighway Safety Association in Washington says that
their surroundings and what's going on on the roadtalking on a phone while driving taxes the driver's
around them, and should their attention wander,cognitive skills at the expense of road safety. This is
passengers are quick to call their attention back to theespecially true if the conversation revolves around
road. When talking to people via cell phone, however,important or stressful matters as so often happens
drivers focus more on the dynamics of thewith busy professionals.
conversation and get lost in the world that is createdWhile people love their cell phones and aren't willing to
between the two parties during the course of thegive them up for anything (some people are willing to
conversation.leave their homes without their wallets or keys, but not
These drivers are more likely to react more slowly totheir phones) there is a growing movement to create
situations on the road, which means that they arecell phone-free zones. France, Germany, Denmark, the
prone to rear-ending drivers in front of them, as well asUS and Finland have created phone-free train
veering between lanes and generally causing trafficcompartments called "zen zones" or "quiet cars" for
congestion. The evidence extends to pedestrians.those who can no longer stand the constant refrain of
People walking and talking at the same time are morering tones and the noisy chatter of fellow commuters.
likely to step in front of cars, cross busy roads without